Batman as a Man Who May be Suffering from Dissociative...

Batman as a Man Who May be Suffering from Dissociative Identity Disorder Many of us have grown up watching cartoons throughout our childhood. Of the many cartoons on television is Batman. This cartoon has been on television for many years. It is a story of a man who is a successful businessman during the day and a mysterious superhero by night. Bruce Wayne is the man who is this mysterious man with the two identities. He is both Bruce Wayne and Batman. Only a selected few know both of his identities. Many of us have grown up thinking that he is a great man and a great superhero. Yet, why is it that we do not question how unusual the whole situation is? If we take a closer look, we can find that he is a disturbed man who may†¦show more content†¦This may be due to the fact that he is trying to avenge his parents death. During one of the episodes, there was a device that could show the deepest secret of a person and Bruce Wayne used this device. From this it was revealed that a major reason for him becoming Batman was because of the inci dent. Throughout many of the episodes, this theme appears many times. There are many other reasons as to why Bruce Wayne is not just a superhero but rather a person who has a disorder. When he switches from Bruce Wayne to Batman, he does not even notice. It is almost as if it is automatic. Nobody realizes that the respectable businessman Bruce Wayne is Batman by night. It appears that he is Batman for many reasons but a major one is that he fears that something terrible will happen to other people just like it happened to him when he was younger. He tries to save others from getting hurt from outlaws and evildoers. In one of the Batman movies, Bruce Wayne goes to see a psychologist to get help for this need to be Batman. He describes how he wants to get better and be himself but theres something stopping him. Him being Batman does interfere with his everyday life. Also, it is the host that is seeking for help and not his other identity (Durand/Barlow 163). It looks as if because of his night job, it is more difficult to find love. He must be wary at all times to make sure that the woman does not have a motive.

Gender Roles Within The Social Sciences And Humanities

Gender Roles in Marriage Brandon Smith Georgia Southern University Gender Roles in Marriage Gender roles are defined as a theoretical construct in the social sciences and humanities that refers to a set of social and behavioral norms that, within a specific culture, are widely considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex. Gender roles differ between different sets of cultures but it is widely accepted that gender roles reflect the expectations that go along with being male versus female. Two words that help to describe the traits that are expected from men and women are: masculinity and femininity. Men are expected to be masculine which entails being strong, competitive, independent and the hiding†¦show more content†¦Traditionally in the United States there has been a widely accepted set of gender roles that occur within a marriage. These roles include the man being in charge of financial responsibility as well as the one of authority and the woman being a homemaker and the primary ca regiver. It is common belief that men should make the key decisions and have the upper hand in power over his wife. Many studies have been taking and there has been evidence that gender role expectations within a marriage can affect couples. The first way is that these typical expectations can serve as goals or a structure that a couple can shape or guide their marriage towards being. The other way is that they can cause a â€Å"counterfactual† occurrence in which partners compare what has happened in their relationship to what could have happened. As time has gone on studies show that the majority of males believe that spouses should share the breadwinning, that men should take on a bigger share of housework and that a wife’s job does not interfere with her ability to be a mother. This provides for a modern shifting of gender roles within a marriage. The shift in gender roles that is most common is the sharing of power within a marriage. Power is defined as stable potential influence in a dyadic relation between two persons. John R. P. French and Bertram Raven have described five different types of

Racial And Ethnic Diversity In America- MyAssignment Help!

Question: Describe about the Racial and Ethnic Diversity in America? Answer: Diversity In America Among the most troublesome social equality related matters are those confronting the countrys 2.5 million of the Americans. Governmentally perceived tribe is viewed as household ward countries, with their rights ton tribal power protected. (Aguirre, 2003).Tribal sway alludes on tribes right side to administer them, characterize their own particular enrollment, oversee ethnic possessions, and manage ancestral trade and household relationships; it additional perceives the presence of a parliament to administration association flanked by such tribe and the central management. The administration has uncommon faith commitments to secure ethnic grounds and assets, ensure tribal civil liberties to self administration, and give administration important to ethnic survival and headway. The battle to save tribal power and arrangement civil rights has extended been at the cutting edge of the Native American social equality development. In addition to the Native Americans experience the ill effects of a hefty portion of the similar communal and monetary issues as different causalities of long haul predisposition and segregation counting, for instance, lopsidedly elevated tax of neediness, newborn child humanity, joblessness, and low secondary job and instructive open door is vital to tending to these issues. Additionally vital for some Native American social liberties supporters are social issues identified with the capacity to keep up and go on customary religious convictions, dialects and communal practice with no trepidation of segregation. (Chaskin, 2008).For instance, Native Americans contain extended battled to shield their spiritual flexibility from rehashed demonstrations of administrative concealment counting the disavowal of right of entry to sacred destinations, disallowances on the utilization or ownership of consecrated questions, and confinements onj their capacity to love through stately and customary means. In 1988, for instance, in Lyng v. Northwest Indian Cemetery Protection Association, the Supreme Court permitted the developed the development of a Forest Service street through an antiquated site held sacrosanct by a few tribes. In a setback for Native Americans spiritual opportunities, the Court decided that such interruption did not disregard the Indians First alteration rights. What's more, in 1991, in Employment Division of Oregon v. Smith, the Supreme Court decided that states and territories no more needed to demonstrate a convincing legislative enthusiasm to legitimize by and large relevant laws that connected to farthest point or encroach upon religious activity. The decision for this situation, which included two Oregon men who were denied unemployment advantages in the wake of captivating peyote as a component of a love function of the inhabitant American Church, was broadly assaulted by agents of for all intents and purposes every religious body in the United States as a noteworthy hit to spiritual flexibility. In 1994, a law obvious by President Clinton exempts the religious utilization of peyote from government and state proscribed material laws and denied oppression the individuals who take part in the utilization of peyote for religious purposes. (Dinnerstein, 1994). Despite the fact that this secured Native Americans' utilization of peyote, the battle to secure different zones of religious flexibility proceeds. Other social liberties needs incorporate progressing fights for voting rights, and in addition the end of hostile utilization of mascot by school and expert games groups that reflect obsolete generalizations and sustain bigotry adjacent to inhabitant Americans. The Advanced Divide is likewise a noteworthy territory of sympathy toward Native Americans and additional alternative bunches - in light of the fact that numerous American Indians and Alaskan Natives have yet to be associated with fundamental phone arranges and are hence not able to get to the Internet, they are at danger of falling considerably further behind in their capacity to get to job, instructive, and different open doors made accessible by data innovation. The racial and ethnic cosmetics of the American individuals are in flux. New outsiders from Asia and Latin America have America have included a vast measure of social and phenotypic differences to the American populace in late decades, pretty much as floods of settlers from Southern and Eastern Europe did a century back. (Fishman, Lambert Taylor, 1991) Additionally, the limits in the middle of racial and ethnic gatherings are getting to be obscured by high rates of intermarriage and the developing number of persons with blended lineage. Depictions and projections of the racial and ethnic organization of the American individuals seem colorful, with fluctuated records and elucidations. A few observers foresee another mixture, regularly named as the caramelizing of America, portrayed by kept obscuring of once-unmistakable racial and ethnic divisions. This translation is reliable with the postulation of the declining essentialness of race and ethnicity in American culture. (Frey, 2014) Others see new racial divisions emerging as some foreigner gatherings are permitted to incorporate with an extended and favored white populace, while different gatherings are racialzed as burdened cocoa and dark minorities. These clashing records emerge, to some extent, due to contrasting ideological presuppositions, additionally in light of the fact that racial and ethnic personalities are not totally unrelated or changeless. Numerous Americans have various personalities that reflect complex inborn inceptions, tribal and public affiliations, and fluctuated ideological attitudes toward race and society. All in all, individuals don't change their ethnicities as an issue of style; however they may accentuate distinctive perspectives relying upon the circumstances. Case in point, a man who distinguishes as Mexican among relatives may recognize as Hispanic at work and as American when abroad. A man of blended legacy may be Native American in one setting, however white in another. These conceivable outcomes exist in registration information, pretty much as they do in casual discussions and settings, in light of the open doors for changed reactions to distinctive evaluation addresses about race and ethnicity. America was international and multicultural society from the beginning. The first American states were shaped amid the seventeenth and eighteenth hundreds of years as wilderness social orders made out of various establishing populaces. To begin with among these were the indigenous people groups of North American, who were steadily uprooted by the more, consumed by the more various European pilgrims and contracted hirelings from different parts of the world. (Hero, 2007). Africans were imported principally as slave work from obligated hirelings on terms like whites. In the center many years of the seventeenth century, a few blacks turned out to be free pilgrims, however by the end of the seventeenth century, subjugation and African legacy turned out to be about synonymous. With unequal sex proportions in boondocks settings, substantial populaces of blended lineage soon rose, especially in Southern provinces. While a few unions were the consequence of intermarriage or consensual contac ts, there was additionally far reaching sexual misuse of dark ladies by white slave proprietors. The ethnic and racial scene turned out to be much more intricate amid the nineteenth century. Mainland development included terrains that had been home to Native Americans and people groups of blended indigenous and Spanish starting point, and progressive rushes of movement from Europe and Asia powered the quick development of an undeniable assorted populace. Following the blended and unblended relatives from these numerous strings is a hypothetical plausibility, however not one that can be effortlessly fulfilled with verifiable or contemporary information. (Lambert Taylor, 1990).The issue is that the differential rates of settlement, common increment, and intermarriage that created descendents of blended heritage are to a great extent obscure. Little contrasts in suppositions about the relative sizes of these procedures can prompt incredibly distinctive appraisals of the familial roots of the contemporary American populace. A significantly more prominent hindrance to portraying the ethnic cosmetics of the American individuals is the presumption that the vast majority are capable and willing to precisely report the roots of their guardian, grandparents, and more inaccessible precursors. As a rule, information of lineal inceptions is gone along in families or groups, however sometimes these accounts are smothered or essentially lost to history. (Lichter, 2012).Thus, the racial and ethnic piece recorded in census, studies, and managerial records mirrors an expansive level of subjectivity and even hypothesis, notwithstanding genuine examples of genealogical drop. Methodological investigations of enumeration inquiries concerning race and ethnicity, for case, demonstrate that reactions are influenced, frequently strikingly along these lines, by the reactions are influenced, frequently strikingly along these lines, by the organization of inquiries, the recorded decisions, and the samples included in survey gui delines. With a consciousness of these confinements, we offer an inside and out representation of the racial and ethnic structure of the American populace, around 2000, surrounded inside of an authentic point of view of how racial and ethnic characters have developed in the United States. For late entries, particularly from Asia and Latin America, we take note of the effect of migration and give an account of the rise of multiracial and panethnic characters. (Schaefer, 2004).For populaces long inhabitant in the United States, we analyze reports of family to evaluate the buildup of recorded examples of ethnic mixing and ethro racial chains of command. On the off chance that race and ethnicity were simply social phenomena, with little connection to stratification and political procedures, we would expect the long haul result to be expanding racial and ethnic entropythe steady debilitating and inevitable vanishing of race and ethnicity as unmistakable gatherings with clear limits. Our examinations of the 2000 enumeration uncover two examples through which this increment in entropy can occur: an inclination toward numerous characters and another toward the "Americanization" of personality. (Takaki, 1993). By Americanization we allude to the supplanting of point by point ethnic beginnings with disentangled panethnic or racial classes, which are formed and frequently strengthened by political and financial divisions. This procedure is most exceptional for blacks and whites, who recognize moderately minimal ethnic multifaceted nature or detail and practically no cover with each other. Late foreigners from Asia and Latin America, by differentiation, are more prone to claim national-cause personalities, albeit there is confirmation of rising Americanized characters among the local conceived, who are more prone to distinguish themselves essentially as Asian American or Hispanic. (Turner, 1996). Unlike whites and blacks, Asians and Latinos are additionally more inclined to report multiracial set of relatives, which reflects both blended lineage diasporas and the rising levels of intermarriage inside of these groups. An alternate example is apparent for relatives of the indigenous people groups of North America and the Pacific Islands, who excessively report blended race families. (Waller, 2000).Albeit tribal and territorial personalities are still common, a significant minority reports panethnic or Americanized characters by just distinguishing themselves as "American Indian" or "Pacific Islander. References Aguirre, A. (2003). Racial And Ethnic Diversity In America. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. Chaskin, R. (2008). :Racial Diversity and Social Capital: Equality and Community in America. SOC SERV REV, 82(4), 749-752. doi:10.1086/597629. Dinnerstein, L. (1994). Antisemitism in America. New York: Oxford University Press. Fishman, J., Lambert, W., Taylor, D. (1991). Coping with Cultural and Racial Diversity in Urban America. Contemporary Sociology, 20(2), 198. doi:10.2307/2072902 Frey, W. (2014). Diversity Explosion. Washington: Brookings Institution Press. Hero, R. (2007). Racial diversity and social capital. New York: Cambridge University Press. Lambert, W., Taylor, D. (1990). Coping with cultural and racial diversity in urban America. New York: Praeger. Lichter, D. (2012). Immigration and the New Racial Diversity in Rural America*. Rural Sociology, 77(1), 3-35. doi:10.1111/j.1549-0831.2012.00070.x Schaefer, R. (2004). Racial and ethnic groups. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Takaki, R. (1993). A different mirror. Boston: Little, Brown Co. Turner, C. (1996). Racial and ethnic diversity in higher education. Needham Heights, MA: Simon Schuster Custom Pub. Waller, J. (2000). Prejudice across America. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.

The Oval Portrait free essay sample

Though abandoned, the castle is still lavishly furnished and full of exquisite paintings. Edgar Allan Poe set a very gloomy atmosphere with his use of speci? c words in the story. When describing places and moods in â€Å"The Oval Portrait† he uses the words such as bizarre, sumptuously and arabesque. The use of these adjectives, along with the detailed description of the decorations in the room and the castle it self, set the tone and indicate to the reader that something powerful is about to happen further along. Also the old book with the story about the room and the painting is a kind of ancient prophecy which is a very normal and strong element in a gothic story. The maiden in the painting is both â€Å"the woman of distress† and â€Å"the woman threatened by a powerful, impulsive, tyrannical male† in this gothic-story, because she suffers under the painter’s love and passion for art, and is deeply threatened but also conquered by the painter. We will write a custom essay sample on The Oval Portrait or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The story is told by a ? rst person narrator that is homodiegetic. It is debatable whether the narrator is reliable or unreliable, but it is most likely an unreliable narrator. It is said in the text that the narrator is in a â€Å"desperately wounded condition† and in an â€Å"incipient delirium† which could hint that the narrator is unreliable and confused. The story is chronological and the event stretch out over several hours in the night. The narrator does not explain where or how he was wounded, which leaves us wondering though out the story. And as in the story â€Å"The Tell-Tale heart† by Edgar Allan Poe, there is no closure on what happens to 1 Astrid Agerskov Pedersen 3. b Skive Gymnasium og HF! Engelsk A A? evering 1 (? ction) The Oval Portrait d. 6/9-2012 the narrator after the conclusion. This leaves a longing for more knowledge about both the painting and its’ story but also the narrator. The portrait’s subject is full of love and life when she marries the painter, but as the guide book says, â€Å"The tints which he spread upon the canvas were drawn from the cheeks of her who sat beside him. †1 He has created a copy of his wife, but both cannot subsist without defeating the other. It is a given that the artist loves his wife, but he seems to have a deeper love for his art. In the short story the time when the subject of the painting and the artist wedded is described as evil. â€Å"He, passionate, studious, austere, and having already a bride in his Art; she a maiden of rarest beauty, and not more lovely than full of glee. † 2 The painter was already in love with his art before he met the maiden. Sadly, she fell in love with him anyways. The maiden is very beautiful, but her beauty fades away during the making of the portrait. In the story, it is made clear that art is not simply an occupation of his, but more like an actual woman who rivals with the wife for the painter’s attention. In the end, his passion increase and as the painting is nearly completed, the painting ? nally robs her of her life. â€Å".. and crying with a loud voice, ‘This is indeed Life itself! ’ turned suddenly to regard his beloved: She was dead! †3 The story puts up a contrast between life and death, which shows clearly when the painter says the words â€Å"This is indeed Life itself†, even though the subject of the painting sadly had passed in the progress. The painting is very life-like, which comes from the life-power of the now dead wife. The painting both makes her live forever and takes her life. This could be a metaphor of eternal love and maybe even eternal life. It is a story that takes up the themes eternity and mortality. The painter gets a combined piece of what he loves most in the world in the end which is a combination of his love for his wife and his love for art and painting. In the story â€Å"The Oval Portrait† it is obvious that the gothic elements play a big role in especially the settings but also the plot in it self.

Gray Wolves In Yellowstone Essays - Yellowstone, Canid Hybrids

Gray Wolves In Yellowstone The reintroduction of Gray Wolves into Yellowstone has had many positive affects such as controlling the populations of large game and taking out the small week stupid ones. Some farmers complain about them killing cattle but who cares what they think. The gray wolf, also called the timber wolf, is the largest of about 41 wild species within the dog family, Canidae, of the order Carnivora. All living wolves are considered a single species, Canis lupus. There are 32 recognized subspecies of the gray wolf. Wolf size varies. Adults range from about five to six and a half feet from nose to tip of tail, from 26 to 36 inches high at the shoulders, and weigh from 40 to 175 pounds. Gray wolves aren't necessarily gray but grizzled gray is the most common color they can also be white, black or red. Wolves are distinguished from dogs by characteristics of the skull. At one time the wolf lived throughout most of the Northern Hemisphere. Most wolf populations are in Canada and Alaska, where they are relatively stable. Of the lower 48 only Minnesota has a wolf population large enough to maintain itself. Wolves live in packs. The Forestry Service reintroduced gray wolves to the northern Rocky Mountains as well as Yellowstone National Park in an attempt to re-establish the species after an absence of more than 60 years. Gray wolves were exterminated from the area by the late 1920s. They are designated as endangered under the Endangered Species Act in most of the lower 48 states. The reintroduction program is a cooperative effort with the National Park Service and USDA Forest Service. Late last century, we realized that something was wrong with the ecosystem in Yellowstone National Park. Without the wolves Yellowstone fails to maintain its natural state. It was made clear that the ecosystem in Yellowstone would never function properly until they were back. They decided that the wolf should be reintroduced into the ecosystem at Yellowstone. Many people, thought that this was foolish. The debate over wolves and Yellowstone has pissed off a lot of people, who will continue to rage for years. Why were wolves reintroduced to Yellowstone? Wolves helped restore Yellowstone's ecosystem to a condition that resembles the way used to be. The wolf, is a large predator, and therefor an important part of the parks ecosystem. Once the population recovered, interactions between predators and prey were restored. The wolves select the weakest and most vulnerable members of the populations of deer, elk, bison,? and kill them. Such actions enhance the health of the parks game species as well as weeding out the wussies. Even with wolves roaming the parks, visitors will rarely see them. They will be able to understand the importance of the wolf and see how the balance of life is essential. The biological factors resulting from reintroducing the wolf are important. However, the wolf itself is a mystery and symbol to mankind. Today, not everyone feels that same way about the wolf and its surroundings. Many don't know and understand the importance of the wolf and its duty. What you do not know you will fear. What one fears, one destroys.

Reflections on Kim by Rudyard Kipling essays

Reflections on Kim by Rudyard Kipling essays Who am I?, What am I Some people live their entire lives trying to answer these questions, and some die, not knowing. We have our parents, friends, our dreams and aspirations who guide us in our quest for our identity. We need fathers to provide us with the backbone of our personality, mothers to nourish us and help us build character, friends to help us through the journey and our dreams to direct us into that direction. Kim never knew his parents, but his ethnicity (British) and culture (Indian) provided him with what he needed to embark on his journey with direction and personality. On the way, he met people who became the parents he never had Teshoo lama and Colonel Creighton as his fathers and Kulu as his mother. Although we, like Kim, have these people, it is entirely up to us to find who we are. They are simply there to guide us through our quest and teach us what we should know. As cheesy as it may seem, I compare the journey of life as trying to bake a cake for the first time without a recipe. For those who have an idea of baking, they know how to go through the whole process with direction. But as beginners, it does not exempt them from making mistakes and having to start all over again. We see other peoples cake and try to see how they did it, some mimic, others go through it on their own way. But all of us, at some point, become clueless that we appreciate a helping hand from those who know. Making a cake is a process of building from what we have, baking it and at the end, add icing. Not all of us succeed. There are some of us who, after a few tries, give up. Their unfinished cake would lie stagnant on the countertop, going stale by the minute. But for those who worked hard towards the completion of the task, the end product may be the lousiest tasting thing, or the most lopsided cake in the history of mankind, but they have learned to love it. Because it is THEIR cake and it...

Educational Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Educational Psychology - Essay Example Educational psychology is worried with the procedure of educational achievement in the middle of the universal population and sub-populations such as talented children and those subject to precise disabilities (Woolfolk, A. & Margetts, K. 2007). Scenario 1: He’ll Speak to his Brain Andrew was a very slow writer. He constantly stared into space and was easily distracted and yet didn’t admit he had a problem. Miss O’Brien has spoken to his previous teacher, who said he was lazy. Miss O’Brien believed that a lot of Andrew’s behaviour was linked to being afraid of getting it â€Å"wrong† and she had her suspicions that pressure came from home. She developed a strong relationship with Andrew and he eventually admitted to her that he had a problem with his writing. One day when Miss O’Brien was working with Andrew, she asked him why he couldn’t write what was in his head. He said, â€Å"When I get up to five things in my head they burst like a bubble - it’s like trying to pick up a bubble, when you touch it, it bursts.† It was a real insight into Andrew. He had just shown her how able he was at using and controlling language to capture his thoughts and feelings. He had identified his short-term memory problems. After that Andrew really unburdened himself saying that he was anxious that Mum and Dad might realise he has a problem and he believed himself that he couldn’t write. Together Miss O’Brien and Andrew devised three ways to help. First, they had a book of ideas which Andrew could carry around and when he saw or did something interesting he could make a note of it.

Death Penalty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Death Penalty - Essay Example Our main points for the abolition of the death penalty are morality and technicality. The original arguments for capital punishment does not anymore apply but are outdated – deterrence, retribution, etc. The teachings of the Bible – the Old and the New Testaments – tell us one important aspect of creation: protect life and do not allow vengeance. God did not kill Cain for killing his own brother Abel but instead sent him on exile and put a mark on him so that no one would kill him. A passage in the Bible of states: ‘an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth’. This teaching does not mean taking the life of a murderer or someone who has committed a heinous crime, but it means limiting the retribution for an offense. When Jesus was presented the woman accused of adultery, he did not condemn the woman but told those present â€Å"to cast the first stone†, which means we should not condemn anyone but allow a sinner to reform. Another argument is the ground of technicality. The criminal justice system, a human system, is flawed. I mean, it is not always perfect despite all the bright, legal minds the world has ever produced. Rulings are not perfect. The Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty violated the Eight and Fourteenth Amendments. Then in another ruling in 1976, Gregg v. Georgia, the Court again contradicted itself by ruling that the death penalty per se was not unconstitutional. (Bedau 2005, p. 23) In Furman, it was ruled that some state statutes were unconstitutional, which allowed that death penalty statutes had to be rewritten. Advocates of the death penalty began proposing new laws for capital punishment. In other words, advocates of the death penalty interpreted this as an opportunity to write new laws so that there would be no more doubts of retaining the death penalty. It was reported that there were 35 states that rewrote their

What is the connection between drugs and crime And how can the Essay

What is the connection between drugs and crime And how can the government stop the youth crime in London - Essay Example The paper also dwelt on the issue of legalizing some of these drugs. On a final note, this paper has presented conclusions and recommendations to promote a drug free and a crime-free society. Drugs are a threat to today’s society. Because of this fact, there are numerous studies which have attempted to establish a causative relationship between drugs and crime. Indeed, there is a steady relationship between drug abuse and the growing crime rate. This is evident as we often hear about sporadic violence occurring in those neighbourhoods of our cities which have acquired a reputation for the being drug joints of the city. There is a relationship between youths getting attracted to drugs and eventually towards crime (Bullock and Tilley 2002). Researchers have always tried to find out the answer to various questions relating to this menace. However, much of their theories remain unknown to the public. This may be the reason why drug abuse as a causative agent to youth crime has remained one of the prevailing problems of this modern world. Thus this paper aims to discuss the factors why drug abuse leads to the increasing rate of youth crime all over the country. Specifically it attempts to discuss the rate of drug abuse here in UK, the nature of drugs used in substance abuse and how they affect a person’s level of functioning, mental and emotional state; socioeconomic problems which link youth crime and substance abuse together and solutions and recommendations which can help lessen substance abuse and youth crime rates. Broadly, the term â€Å"drug† is used to describe â€Å"any substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal bodily function.† (WHO, 1969). Drugs are used to treat diseases, but there is a subset of drugs being termed as recreational drugs, which are chemical substances that affect

Martin Luther King Jr History Essay

Martin Luther King Jr History Essay In the 1800s slavery in America was very normal, nobody looked in on. The slaves often came from Africa where they were picked up by boat and were brought to America. They were in America on the slave market to people sold into slavery, which they then had to work. The slaves had no rights and nothing to say. This went on for years like this. More and more people used their minds and there were also whites disagreed. There were people in revolt in 1860 and caused a civil war to liberate the slaves. Before the end of the civil war in 1863 President Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery. The black still had many problems in life. As they were much poorer than whites and were less and other rights they had were for example in some places not come. The black were seen as inferior. Also, they were often threatened or attacked by whites. Usually they were a member of whites than whites club called Ku Klux Klan, that society was against black people. Black was wrong according to their species / breed, so they were often threatened and discriminated against by the whites. Some examples of these measures against black: The training was for black people often less than the programs of the white people. She also had a different school than the white man, who was usually a worse school, which had a lower level. Many public places were forbidden for black people as I have mentioned such as cinemas, parks, etc. Even at the oddest places and you saw a difference against the black, for example, the toilets were of black and whites were separated so much bad for black than of whites. Also, the stores where no black people were allowed, they were such as to another shop for clothes when they had money for. This went on for years like this until finally there was a man who stood for the rights of people and especially the black Martin Luther King (Jr.). 2. Who is Martin Luther King (Jr.)? Martin Luther King (Jr.) was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta (Georgia) in the United States of America. His parents were both learned men. His mother was Alberta Christine Williams and his father was named Martin Luther King. His father was a pastor at Ebenezer Baptist Church, there met his wife know. He was also a civil rights activist. The King family was a good and wealthy black family from Atlanta. The father of Martin Luther King could not racism against the black bear. He taught his children than that racism was bad and that everyone was equal. This anti-racist education was critical of Martin Luther King Jr..s Further life. Martin was at a younger age preoccupied with religion and found it very interesting. He wanted to become a pastor himself, but really wanted more he wanted people to think. On July 18, 1953 married Martin Luther King (Jr.) with Coretta Scott she is a musician and she was also someone who advocated equal rights and follower of the work of her husband. Together they had children too Yolanda Denise (1955), Martin Luther III (1957), Dexter Scott (1961) and Bernice Albertine (1963). In 1955 after he had finished his studies, he became minister in Montgomery, Alabama city. This is one of the southern states where the difference between black and white was well made. Scott Correta his wife had really not looking to go back to the southern states, because she was sick of it. She grew up with apartheid and hatred of the negro. But ÂÂ  Martin Luther King (Jr.) considered it his duty to the south to work hard. He wanted to make sure the black people a better future. His stay in Montgomery led him straight into the everyday problems of black people, he was also only 26year. In 1960 he returned to Atlanta, where it came from. In October 1960 he was arrested in a sandwich shop, but not because of his actions, but for a trivial traffic violation. He was imprisoned. This case has received attention across the country eventually did Presidential candidate John F. Kennedy free. He also had a few awards such as Nobel Peace Prize (1964), received by Pope Paul VI in Rome, man of the year by Time Magazine (1963), statue in New York, National Day in USA (Martin Luther King day) and many honorary degrees worldwide. 3. Position and the followers of Martin Luther King Criticism (Jr.). Martin Luther King (Jr.) fought for the civil rights of the people. He was sure that every person was equal and the same rights, meaning that while blacks and whites who wanted equal. He also had a great example that was Mhatma Gandhi from India who was also against violence was. The Indians came in opposition to the British under the leadership of Gandhi, because India was formerly a colony of England. The Indians had to work hard and really made use of the English. Gandhi was right that they fought against it, but wanted it without violence, nonviolent resistance So, like King did. King has worked on include the abolition of apartheid in the bus (bus boycott) and in public places. Through the good speeches and sermons of Martin Luther King (Jr.) wanted a lot of people both black and whites to campaign they were hopeful of him. Martin Luther King (Jr.) was for nonviolence and against discrimination and found that blacks and whites were equal. That was his dream. The supporters of King were especially poor black people. They saw King as their leader and gave their hopes for their rights arose. King by his actions, people could express their rage and show that they disagreed. The supporters were therefore often very poor and had no money. The children were raised by only their mother, because fathers often had to fight in the Vietnam War. The women often work, but were very poorly paid. Mostly clear was their boss and then as their inferior, and then was underpaid. Usually attended the black together together together in a neighborhood, a slum. Where no white people in sight, the black and whites lived are often separated. Also, the white people who join the thinking of Martin Luther King (Jr.) that also put their thinking. But it is mainly black supporters were in bad conditions, they relied on King, he was their hope. Despite the great King aanhand there was indeed critical. People were angry with him because actions often students who left school and participate in its actions. Sometimes children or young children of primary schools involved. Around 1961 and 1962 was marching through the streets of Albany (Georgia). As someone who march on Martin Luther King asked why he used children in the demonstrations that answer: that children have to express themselves and to demonstrate against the injustice done to all of their birth. It was also particularly about the future of the children. There was also criticism among blacks, who felt that everything should go faster. She wanted more rapid improvements in their situation. She wanted to use force, because they thought it might be faster. King continued to stand behind his position. He continued to believe that nonviolent resistance was the best thing they could do. Violence would only bring more violence and hatred would arise. Despite continued crit icism by King fight. 4. What did Martin Luther King (Jr.) for the black stuff and what did he outside de U.S.A? Martin Luther King (Jr.) demanded of the black that they used no violence, that nonviolent resistance was the best. It was difficult for black people angry to calm and quiet, but he managed with difficulty. He taught them some violent resistance was. 1. Its really any resistance. It takes courage, not for the fainthearted. 2. It is not intended to defeat your opponent, but your opponent will understand. 3. The attack is focused on the injustice done in the world. Not against the people. During a speech in Chicago, said Martin Luther King (Jr.): The violent man not only refuses to shoot his opponent but he refuses to hate him. That the Americans found strange. The man who lets his enemy will not return, according to him eventually win the battle, it believed Martin Luther King (Jr.). Why did Kings nonviolent resistance so important? Well he felt like his white opponents had shot that had no understanding among white people. If you object to violence only creates more violence and that solves nothing. The black would still have lost the battle because the whites were much more powerful. Through his non-violent resistance was also white on his side, got his way of handling things better understanding of the disparity between black and a white population. He undertook many actions in the United States of America, which you can read the next chapter actions of Martin Luther King (Jr.). He also made trips abroad. The mayor of Berlin invited him to do a speech for a large crowd in Berlin. Pope Paul VI received him in Rome. He also visited the Netherlands. In 1965 he was in Amsterdam to talk to people. Very important was his trip to India, the land of Gandhi. As you could read in Chapter 3, people in India were in revolt against the British led by Gandhi, but he pleaded like King for nonviolent resistance was therefore also the biggest example of Martin Luther King (Jr.). Gandhi was due to his opposition in jail. He did 3 weeks of hunger strike and other so long that the Indians were free. On August 8, 1948, India became independent. Unfortunately, who can not experience, 30januari he was shot by an Indian who saw nothing in nonviolent resistance that he found weakness. When King was still a student who has read books about Gandhi, so he learned how to organize nonviolent opposition had. That what he learned about nonviolent resistance he wanted black people to learn. Example, holding marches, which is a procession with people. Whats happening in Montgomery, said many black students, but also white students mostly from North Carolina. Since the students wanted an end to apartheid in snack bars and restaurants. She went right in, even though they were refused, they went down there and demanded to be served. It was days like this, every day. This be came known as sit-ins. This action ensured that more equality in hundreds of places created / came. Through his many speeches and actions, the support, but also enemies. He found that he could get problems with the whites. He and 3000 people were detained and arrested by a police commissioner, Eugene Conor. He was strongly against the actions of the protesters and against people like Martin Luther King (Jr.). The police went very rage against the demonstrators, mostly black. There were in America, images and people are really shocked. There were angry reactions from the country not only of blacks but also whites of the population. This provoked the anger forced the city to racial segregation in parks and cinemas and other public places should be abolished. And there were black are employed in the department store. There were more demonstrations in action. When his influence peaked in 1964 had won, he received the Nobel Peace Prize. Martin Luther King (Jr.) was seen as a man who coul d save the black community. He taught black people so violent resistance, but he also speeches abroad, where he also played on information, its most important trip was to India. 5. Actions of Martin Luther King (Jr.) This chapter discusses the two main actions of Martin Luther King (Jr.) supply, the bus boycott and the march to Washington DC. I had in the previous chapter described some smaller actions and demonstrations, but I feel that these are the two most important and famous. The first major action of Martin Luther King (Jr.) was the bus boycott. The reason was that the action of Rosa Parks, a black woman, refused to give her seat to a white man on the bus in Montgomery. Montgomery was required that as a black on the bus to a white face. Rosa Parks later said: I really do not know why I did not rise. I had nothing special planned. I was just tired from shopping and feet hurt. After the police arrived there was Rosa, she was arrested and fined 10dollar. When the black population of Montgomery heard that they were very angry and decided to hold a meeting. They made a plan and that plan had become a general boycott of the bus. This came forward a committee led by Martin Luther King (Jr.). The text that was made for the protest was do not take the bus to work, to town and from school etc. 5december. There is another black woman was arrested, said since refused to stand in the bus for a white man. Prefer to go anywhere, if you really need to work, take a taxi or ride with someone with you or walk. Come Monday at a mass meeting at 19:00 Molt Street Baptist Church for more information. On that day Monday 5december 1955 there were almost no black on the bus. The bus boycott went so very well. They never imagined that it would go so well. The protesters had a committee had to be remembered as a name that was: Montgomery Improvement Assocation, abbreviated MIA. King was the president so that night was a speech that she had made that afternoon. In the speech King would tell how he wanted to solve the racial problems, with violent protest and put pressure on the authorities. He wanted the black population was a unit together and revolt. The bus boycott was more comprehensive, they asked the people taking the bus again only if there were changes. The whites not picked a rose up and pulled the black neighborhoods and black people went there to bother. They wanted action but it did not stop. They were Martin Luther King (Jr.) is in prison, but t hat produced nothing, because they quickly released because the deposit paid. The bus was very angry because the black is no longer the bus came, they earned much less. Despite everything the police did nothing. There were many setbacks, but the black fought together. Also Martin Luther King (Jr.) went through despite a bomb attack on his house, he was not there but his wife and daughter were at my home, but were unharmed. Another setback was a Saturday afternoon in 1958 when Martin Luther King (Jr.) in a harem, King was a department store there in the book Stride Toward Freedom at the signing. The book was about the bus boycott in Montgomery. Then suddenly, and woman named Izola Ware Curry and asked King if he was Martin Luther King, where he yes answers. But at that moment was not looking, because a signature, she stuck him with a letter opener. King survived happily for the event. What began as a strike of 24 hours into a strike of one year. Because the black continued until they had achieved what they wanted to achieve. What finally worked. Supreme Court decided in 1956 that segregation on buses had to be shaved. This success came more and more protests and strikes, with the goal: equal rights for blacks. King had organised many marches, the most famous of these was the March to Washington DC. The march on Washington was held at 28augustus 1963, under the leadership of Martin Luther King (Jr.). The black population is now thought that they had waited long enough. She wanted to go but once freedom. In order to reach it, they had to perform actions. One of the black leaders, A. Philip Randolph, came up with an idea. He thought for a march to Washington and proposed to keep that. A few other black leaders doubted whether it would succeed. Suppose now is like walking out of hand and there are fights or there is no case, it would be completely wrong. The rest of the leaders had confidence in it and so was everybody, white and black, called to participate in the march on Washington. Then everyone could see that they were for freedom and equal rights for whites and blacks did. On 28augustus there were more people than they had thought there were as many as 250,000 people to the memorial of Abraham Lincoln, there would begin the march. 60,000 of those people were white. They also found that black should have equal rights as their. The whole march went well, there were no problems. Martin Luther King (Jr.) had to march a speech. He had prepared the speech in New York. During the speech, which was about the continuation of violent resistance, etc. Did he suddenly returned to his speech in June, while he used the words I have a dream . His speech was not as thought, but suddenly had a twist. Then came his most famous speech ever. Through this speech were more people standing behind King. Many whites were against racism and for equal rights were. There was also the media attention to the speech. That was very rare for the actions of blacks, there is usually only something in a newspaper when something has happened in such a violent action, but this time the newspapers were full of it. The march and speech I Have a Dream came on television. Other countries were themselves more concerned, the action was therefore greater than ever. The black freedom and would no l onger be seen as a slave. And so did this action, because finally something was going to change. These were the two most important and biggest and most famous actions that Martin Luther King has been done with them or 6. The assassination of Martin Luther King (Jr.). Martin Luther King (Jr.) always had many opponents. Many whites took his opinion stupid or bad, they could not like. He stood up for equal rights for black people. King had been threatened several times, as an autograph session that he was stabbed with a letter opener. This time he was lucky and was quickly out of the hospital. This was not his only setback in his life. There have also been several bomb attacks on his house, lucky there was rarely anyone at home or they were lucky and were unharmed. A time bomb was so bad that his house was completely destroyed. The perpetrators were found in whites racists. People who thought themselves better than other races or are black people. He also repeatedly seriously assaulted or attacked by racist opponents. It is also a few times that he was arrested and imprisoned, because they came out for equal rights for black people and white people. When he received the Nobel Prize for peace, he was arrested again 60 days later. Action because he wa nted to defend the black. There was a law established that black could vote. But if black people wanted to register so they could vote for what they never heard back. Whites people were too poor for black people to vote. There were laws, but they were hardly implemented. In 1968 4april fired a white man from a racist family, the fatal gunshot. Later it became known that James Earl Ray was. It was a sniper in front of the apartment at the motel across from the room of Martin Luther King (Jr.). He only needed one shot to shoot King. It all happened in Memphis, Tennessee. That same day, Martin Luther King said in a speech in the church, it is spoken about threats on the part of our white brothers. I would like to live long, but Im not worried about that now. Im worried about nothing. The news of the death of Martin Luther King (Jr.) was really a great message to the world very quickly spread throughout America and the rest of the world. The president, President Johnson came right on television, how he felt about the murder of King, he thought it was awful. He asked every citizen the violence King had fallen victim to reject. The speech came too late because within 24 hours after the announcement of the death of Martin Luther King had already struck the violence in Memphis. Snipers fired at the police and riots were conducted and shops looted. The pain was quickly transferred to other cities. Martin Luther King has given his life for his ideal: equal rights for b lack people and white people. Unfortunately, this ideal is not reality. Always get the black people seen as an inferior race. That just because a black / dark-skinned slaves in history. Yet Kings life for no nothing. He has put a lot of people think about, inequality and violence. He was buried in Atlanta 9april 1968. He had a funeral as slaves in those days before two donkeys pulled a cart containing the coffin was alone this time behind the procession walked thousands of times larger. There were about 15,000 people participated in the procession, most of which were white. The true facts of the murder was never known. James Earl Ray, the assassin, caused a new wave of attention on the place of Martin Luther King (Jr.) had. His comments and thoughts are still many people a source of inspiration. There is also a beautiful sentence on his tombstone: Free at last Free at last. Thanks God Almighty. I am free at last. That means: Free at last free at last. Thank you Almighty God. At last I am free. Afterword. While making this piece, I learned a lot about Martin Luther King (Jr.). I admire him for how he helped people and that what she did. Me it was a beautiful story of what he did pity the poor run off and get shot. I thought it was an educational mission. I did not always make much sense to make it, yet I am wiser or it is today. It was sometimes a difficult task to find the information. Unfortunately I have nothing to do with myself in pictures or the like. Because never in the square in Washington wouldve been just once want to go to see where Martin Luther King (Jr.) has done well his speech. Hopefully you will find it a good piece. resource list Sites: http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King http://werkstuk.freddoweb.nl/mlk/mlkfr.htm http://www.spreekbeurten.info/King.html http://www.scholieren.com/werkstukken/8066 http://www.scholieren.com/werkstukken/6238 Books: The autobiografy: Martin Luther King (Jr.) Author: Edited by Clayborne Carson. People: Mother helps me with grammatica. My grandfather with information about Martin Luther King (Jr.). He was been a history teacher.

Budgeting

We are living on a single income in a world that requires two or more income sources to survive. This culminates into spending more than the earnings made, thus making saving, a prerequisite for investing an unachievable dream. However, a close look justifies that not all people are cramped up with single income sources. As discussed in this article, few lucky people have managed to utilize easy money saving tips that have enabled them to save money for investments that guarantee a financially stable future.One of the tips is budgeting, which acts as a guide in controlling what one spends. Outline what you spend on a monthly basis and correlate the spending with the income you earn. Outline a long term plan on what you want to save in a fixed time frame. This will help you determine the amount of money that you should spend or save on a monthly basis. Another tip is cutting one’s spending. To cut on unnecessary spending, you need to change you lifestyle. You can prepare food a nd eat at home instead of spending a lot of money eating in restaurants.Considering that replacing goods is more expensive, repair them in advance to avoid hefty costs. More so, ensure that you quit vices such as smoking and drinking among others that could incur hefty health costs and increased spending on a long-term or short-term basis. Limiting debts by going for loans with low and flexible interest rates is also another effective money saving tip. Compare different banks’ interest rates for loans and get the bank that offers the best rate. Supposing you have a business, you could try to haggle for the existing loans.For instance, threatening to relocate the business can make lending institutions quite flexible in terms of interest rates and flexibility. This can prevent you from taking unnecessary loans in a bid to repay another high interest loan when the business in not doing well. Besides the above tips, you should detect the slightest opportunities via which you can get what you want without having to spend or incur extra costs. For instance one can join reward programs that give spending point on the purchases made.With time, the spending points might help you get free stuff and save money that you would have incurred while purchasing the stuff. As we can see, money saving tips narrow down to proper budgeting, having long-term goals and a change of lifestyle. One needs to identify money saving opportunities and also opportunities for cutting down the spending. For people who find saving to be quite difficult, they can use financial advisor’s services. However, if you are well endowed with the above easiest saving tips, you can go ahead, save and transform your life.

Abuse in the Novel Beloved Essay

Many of the characters from the novel Beloved suffered extreme abuse. Sethe, an independent mother, was no exception to the abuse. Sethe survived through many different accounts of mistreatment. The school teacher’s nephews made Sethe suffer the cruelest oppression. They held her down against her will, while she was pregnant, and brutally stole the milk that her body was producing for her child. This is the worst pain for Sethe because, besides the obvious obtrusions, she feared she would not be able to provide for her baby after it was born. A mother’s worst fear is being unable to provide for her children and this is the fear they instilled in her. This was not the end of the violence toward Sethe from these[insert a word that means a group of abusers here]. When the school teacher founds out that Sethe tells of the mistreatment she suffered because of his nephews he orders them to whip her. Sethe is brutally beaten by this group of young men. The result of the merciless beaten is a form of large scars that shape a tree on Sethe’s back. The tree may be a symbol of a family tree, and in Sethe’s case an incomplete family tree. Sethe’s family tree is incomplete because she killed her daughter, Beloved. The ghost of Sethe’s murdered daughter, Beloved, haunts the house where Sethe and the rest of her family live. The ghost torments them enough to drives away Sethe’s two sons, Howard and Buglar. Sethe undergoes torment from almost every possible angle but she refuses to run away any more.

10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing

10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing 10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing 10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing By Mark Nichol Adhering to the following guidance about usage, syntax, punctuation, style, and form will perceptibly improve the quality of your writing. 1. Use vivid verbs. Monitor your writing for excessive use of forms of â€Å"to be†- is, be, and their variants- and other helping verbs such as has, as well as other weak verbs like do and go, and replace with active verbs. Also, avoid baseline action words when possible. For example, people don’t just walk: They lumber, march, or stroll. Don’t strive to eliminate every instance, but do minimize vague verbs. 2. Reword or delete clichà ©s. Think outside the box. There is no one-size-fits-all approach. All (fill in the blank) are not created equal. These. Are. So. Lame. (YMMV.*) 3. Always use the serial comma. When listing more than two things, include a comma before the conjunction preceding the final item. Omitting the comma can prompt ambiguity about the list’s organization, but inserting it never contributes to confusion. Related article: The Rationale for the Serial Comma. 4. Avoid scare quotes. Generally, use â€Å"scare quotes† only to signal that the writer is calling out the quoted content as being dubious or ironic, not to introduce an unfamiliar term. Related article: 3 Erroneous Uses of Scare Quotes. 5. Hyphenate phrasal adjectives. If a two-word phrase doesn’t appear in the dictionary as a standing open compound, it is not exempt from hyphenation. Exceptions can be made for terms of art (vocabulary specific to a topic or discipline and well known among one’s readership), but use this privilege sparingly, and double-check that open phrasal adjectives aren’t ambiguous or confusing. Related article: 5 Types of Phrasal Adjectives That Require Hyphens. 6. When in doubt, don’t capitalize. If you’re not certain that a word or phrase should be capitalized, look the term up in authoritative sources. Writers often Capitalize Important Concepts that don’t deserve such emphasis, but careful writers don’t. (Also, for example, job titles are capitalized before a name but not after it, and generic terms that are abbreviated references to proper names- such as act when referring to a specific piece of legislation- are just that: generic.) Related article: Avoid Gratuitous Capitalization 7. Refrain from using all-caps. Employ italics to emphasize a word or phrase. Reserve use of all capital letters for humorous indication of shouting or panic, and avoid in formal writing. 8. Be consistent in formatting treatment. If a caption is boldfaced or italicized or appears in a different font, all captions should be formatted that way. If top-level headings are capitalized headline style (Capitalized Like This) rather than sentence style (Capitalized like this), treat subheadings the same way. 9. Vary sentence length. A healthy mix of sentence length and syntactical forms (simple declarative statements, sentences with lists, sentences with subordinate clauses and parenthetical phrases, and so on) keeps the reader engaged. Lockstep sentence construction and consistently short or long sentences are distracting. 10. Manage paragraph length. The traditional five-sentence paragraph form is fatiguing. Strive to craft paragraphs that will, in published form, be about ten to fifteen lines in narrow columns or five to ten lines in full-width display, and, as with sentence length, avoid paragraphs of consistent length. Related article: How Long Should a Paragraph Be? If you decide to ignore or break a rule for effect, take care with the rest of your content, or your attempt at deviation may seem like simply the most egregious of your errors. * Your mileage may vary. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Wether, Weather, Whether"Wracking" or "Racking" Your Brain?Writing a Thank You Note

The eNotes Blog Spring Cleaning Your LessonPlans

Spring Cleaning Your LessonPlans The term â€Å"spring cleaning† often evokes the image of a jam-packed closet, filled with items that have accumulated over time and that may or may not still be useful. Spring cleaning usually isn’t associated with lesson plans, but it’s a good practice to apply to them, too. In fact, it’s more than good. It’s essential! Lesson plans, no matter how carefully crafted, aren’t set in stone. At least they shouldn’t be, since teaching never takes place in a static environment. Everything that affects teaching changes continually- in education, in society, and in the world at large. The body of human knowledge continues to grow, sometimes exponentially, and technology races ahead of where we were the day before. Also, from one year to the next, the human dynamics in a classroom change, too. Different groups of kids come and go, and teachers become more adept and experienced in educating them. Consequently, it’s essential not to rely on the same lesson plans year after year. In addition to writing new plans, it’s important to look over the old ones, and do some spring cleaning. Actually, spring cleaning a collection of lesson plans is like going through all the items in a closet- reviewing each one, evaluating it, and making a decision: keep it, toss it, or do something else with it. The analogy works, but not entirely. The usual advice about tackling a cluttered closet is to get rid of everything that hasn’t been worn in a year or two. When it comes to deciding the fate of a lesson plan, though, that approach won’t work. There are too many variables in play. Faculty assignments, district curriculums, and state standards change; what you don’t need one year, you might need the next. Also, a lesson plan that didn’t work last time might work next time with a different group of kids. In evaluating a lesson plan and deciding what to do with it, these guidelines would be more helpful: Is the lesson plan grounded in worthwhile objectives? Is it as effective as it could be in teaching them? Would kids still find it interesting? Does it relate to the world they’re living in or reflect the society they’re navigating? Does it engage them in their own learning? In going through an accumulation of lesson plans, no doubt you’ll find some that are still good-to-go just as they are, while others need to be updated or could be improved with a little polishing. Occasionally, a lesson plan turns up that really needs attention! Not to worry! There are ways to save it, instead of tossing it out, and the same methods can be used to turn an old lesson plan into a new and improved version. Here are a few of them: Revise a lesson plan to incorporate resources now available on the internet. Refocus it to align the objectives with current standards. Reconstruct it to include hands-on activities that allow kids to use technology, especially in creative ways. Rewrite the examples in it to reflect contemporary society. Renovate the teaching methods employed in it by incorporating some new instructional strategies. With a lesson plan that’s no longer effective as a whole, try this before deep-sixing the whole thing. Identify the content that still works well, and recycle it; work it into an existing lesson plan, or use it in writing a new one. Also, it might be possible to use parts of several old plans in creating a new unit. Considering all the resources now available in writing lesson plans, spring cleaning the old ones can be fun. It’s an opportunity to be creative in applying what you know now that you didn’t know then and in using some amazing technology that didn’t exist when you first designed them. Also, besides making the most of the hard work you’ve done in the past, spring cleaning your lesson plans is a valid reason to put off dealing with the closet! It’s a win-win! This is a post from Staff Writer, Susan Hurn. Susan is a former high school English teacher and college instructor. She loves writing for and also enjoys good books, creative writing, and all things related to history.  Let us know if you’re interested in  contributing to the   blog.

Summary of article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Summary of article - Essay Example ecame unemployed; the standard of living lowered for most factory workers who were reduced into slaves and the family foundations wobbled as women worked in the mills. It was seen as a move that benefited only a few people. Before the industrial revolution set in, the economy was not doing well enough to sustain a growing population. The economy was characterized by monopolistic businesses. The youths were forced to work in the army under deplorable conditions. The crime rate also high and the authorities were not able to deal with it. The innovation system was opposed highly, but the factory system despite the many challenges it faced, thrived because of two reasons. The first reason is that the laissez-faire economists worked to educate people against the popular belief that the processes and devices introduced to save on labor were meant to create unemployment. The other reason it thrived was because they beat the authorities at their own game by addressing the problems above that the authorities had not been able to deal with. The factories provided employment for the paupers and the women who were willing to work. The wages paid were little but were better off than nothing. It is only the people who were well off in the society benefitted from the previous system. They are the ones who decided how much the others were going to earn. With the industrial revolution, there was a turn of things where new marketing and production modes were introduced. The goods that were manufactured focused on all consumers especially those that were not the target there before. Whenever the factory system went into the production of whichever goods, it first started by producing the cheap products for the greater percentage of the masses. The production of the expensive products only came much later. For example, when the factories produced cotton goods, the rich were not interested in cotton goods. These then became the target of the other consumers. It was a system of

Entrepreneurship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Entrepreneurship - Essay Example A Retail clothing store is also chosen because of the relative ease with which it can be started. Usually clothing retailers do not manufacture their own garments and outsource all their manufacturing to third parties. This is done to keep the focus on the main business activity that is selling garments. In this paper a discussion will be made on how to start a clothing retail business in United Kingdom. A brief outline will be given regarding the idea of the business in the paper. Business developed alongside with costs and market research will also be included in the paper. Major operational issues will also be discussed alongside with the target market and consumer in the paper. Outline of the business Idea The idea behind the business is to open a discounted clothing retail store. The store will offer garments at very affordable rates to the consumers. The aim is to cater to the needs of the consumers in the most affordable form. Low priced clothing will be the unique selling pro position of the business. The notion of selling clothing at lower price is justified because there are many people who would prefer buying clothes at affordable rates. Not many people can afford high prices, even for fashionable clothes, and therefore this store might be able to attract a large number of people. Profit margins will have to be slashed but large amount of sales is likely to compensate for lower profit margins. Another important part of the business strategy will be outsourcing of manufacturing to countries like China and India. These countries are well known for their textile products and can produce garments at very low rates, and European Union countries are already buying textile products from these countries (European Commission, 2012). The business will be outsourcing its manufacturing in order to make sure that enough attention is given to things that are important like marketing and sales. Also expertise of producing clothes at affordable rates is not available in the country and therefore taking help from specialized the developing countries might be the only possible option. The strategy of outsourcing also complements the overall business strategy of the company as it will allow us to order large quantities which will be necessary for large number of sales. The idea behind the business is to attract people who look for clothing at lower prices. The retail clothing store will also focus on quality and this will also attract consumers. After the economic crisis of 2008 people have seen their purchasing power reduced. This is why people will be interested in such economic times in affordable clothing line. Lower prices will be the main focus of the business and this will also be used in the marketing of the business in the country. Market and Consumers The main target market for the business will be the younger generation. Young people usually are short of money; therefore, they look for good bargains when it comes to clothing. They look for new and trendy garments which are affordable, and this is exactly what will we provide them. Younger generation is also the main target market because of the ease with which they can be targeted using social media and other cost effective method. Another major target market for the business will be middle aged people. Economic recession has created many financial problems for middle class

Elements of Design in the film 300 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Elements of Design in the film 300 - Essay Example This paper is a literature review of the film is called 300. This is an American fantasy action film that was released in the year 2006. The film is based on a 1998 comic series also named 300 by an author called Frank Miller. The film is revolves around the story of the battle of Thermopyle. There were many artists who were involved in the film’s production. These artists include the director, the production designer and also the art director.The director of the film was Zack Synder. Zack Synder was hired to direct the film especially so because earlier before, he had attempted to produce a film that was based on Miller’s novel. His main role was the planning and directing of the film ensuring that the shooting went smoothly. At some point in the production of the film, he photocopied panels from the original comic book then used this to plan the preceding and succeeding shots. The production designers of the film included; Gianni Nunnari, Frank Miller, Mark Canton and Jeffrey Silver. Their main role in the film was to acquire the film rights of the movie then proceeds to produce it. Frank miller acted as the consultant and the executive producer in the film production since the whole idea of the film revolved around his novel. Hence his output and opinions were highly sorted. Michael Gordon is the one whose task was to write the film script. The art directors of the film were Shaun Smith and Mark Rappaport. Their main task was the designing of the different look of every individual character in the set. They also designed and produced the prosthetics, the props, the weapons and also the dummy bodies needed for the production. The film was shot indoors against a blue screen. The cinematographer was Larry Fong and he devised an efficient and effective method of integrating overhead and key lighting which made it easy to do faster and more efficient shooting. This method made it easy for the perspective to change by simply turning and reversing the lighting. This was made easier because all the lights were pre-mounted hence all one had to do was just to flip a switch. The film producers choose the blue screen over the green screen because the film has a lot of red. The problem with the green screen was that there is bound to be production of a yellow edge when one has saturated red on the green screen. The amount of light bouncing back off the blue screen is different from that of the green screen. More light bounces off the green screen than the blue screen. This results in the production of a screens that are brighter and not suitable for the shooting of the film (Hanson, 2007). The setting of the film is ancient Sparta and the battle site of Thermopylae where the Greeks, the Spartans and their allies were able to hold a large mass of invading Persian army led by their king, Xerxes who was deemed as a god king. The Persians invaded in 480 BC and the 300 Spartans and their allies met the invading Persian armies at the narrow mountain pass of Thermopylae. The pass was wide enough for only one chariot and a few number of warriors at a time, hence the Spartans choose it to hold their ground. The small Spartan army and its allies was led by King Leonidas of Sparta. The Spartan culture was primarily military. the Spartans were completely dedicated to a military life. This was their entire way of life. The Spartans started their training from birth where only the only physically strong babies were allowed to live. The boys were then taught reading and writing which was necessary for their basic needs. Then after that all their time and knowledge was dedicated to training for fighting (Hanson, 2007). The costumes were designed to suit every individual character in the film. The flowing red cape worn by the Spartans was preferred because of ease of movement over the common leather strapped skirts worn by the ancient Spartans. The weapons used were also carefully chosen to fully present the actual weapons used by the ancient Sp

Not yet forgotten Essay Example for Free

Not yet forgotten Essay There have been many wonderful periods of time in my life and the one I have chosen to talk about here is high school. Not the English type of high school, but the Romanian one: those four years before university. Before I had got there, I had already got used to the idea that school is an unlikely place for friendships to occur and it cant get any better than boredom and stress. Nevertheless, it was with hope and confidence that I stepped into the high school entrance. From the very first day I could feel something was going on well. I had a cheerful feeling and I was very comfortable and motivated. People would mind their own business and, if they had to choose, would rather be nice to each other. It was there that I really met people who appreciated me and with whom I could get on. Each morning here I must make clear that I am a night owl I got up with a smile on my face, even if outside was still dark. I would then take the bus and watch the sunrise on my way to the last station. The buses at that time of the day were terribly crowded and despite the fact that us pupils had special buses on which others werent allowed to board, no-one respected that rule. Afterwards, I would have to walk to the high school for about ten minutes past a great statue of a Romanian revolutionary and fighter which had different backgrounds, depending on the weather. The statue was in front of a cathedral for which the city is famous: an enormous, astonishingly beatiful Orthodox cathedral built in the middle ages. It was a very energizing feeling watching so many people go to work or school in the centre of the city. The buzz managed to nudge me from my semi-conscious state of mind in which I was still, due to the early hour of the morning when I had lessons and had to get up. It is true that the spirit of a place is given by the people in it. Obviously, not all my classmates were great friends, but those who were taught me lots of things about peoples behaviour and what really counts, directly and indirectly. They let me know that I can really be loved for who I am and that being yourself is worth it. The teachers were, for the first time ever, happy to teach us and be part of the education system. The lessons were fun, informative and, although quite tiring, we would all leave the high school at the end of the day with a smile on our face, if not laughing. That single year of high school was definitely one of the most rewarding experiences I have had until now. Sometimes my friends and I would skip classes and go to a pub in the city centre, but these naughty adventures will take their place in another story, another time.

The Use of Images in William Carlos Williams, The Young Housewife Essa

The Use of Images in William Carlos Williams', The Young Housewife As is typical of most Modernist poetry, William Carlos Williams uses very specific images in "The Young Housewife" to reveal not merely a particular circumstance or event, but to also suggest underlying themes and ideas of his subject matter. For example, he gives to the reader various real and imagined images, such her moving about in negligee behind closed doors, or her going about her daily affairs, that are at once very seductive and suggestive of ideas that supercede their appearances. These images especially accentuate the young housewife's naturalness and beauty. However, they are quickly contrasted by a comparison drawn by Williams of the young lady to a fallen leaf-a comparison that initially seems completely bizarre and esoteric. One, in fact, wonders what Williams' purpose is in suddenly changing the mood of the poem to make this comparison. Upon close inspection, however, the comparison actually proves to be less confusing than it appears. In fact, when one considers the nature of a fallen leaf and compares it with various aspects of the young housewife's life, possible explanations begin to arise that clarify Williams' possible intent. Primary to understanding the comparison, is of course, understanding the nature of leaves and more particularly fallen leaves. Universally, leaves are considered to play both a functional and ornamental role for trees. On the functional level, leaves enable photosynthesis and thereby give nourishment to the tree. On the ornamental level, they enrich the appearance of the tree, giving it more color and substance. In fact, leaves are widely considered to be the evidence of a tree's vivacity. La... ... young housewife's sexual nature and beauty is to William and how much emphasis he puts on her captivity in her house, it becomes easier to understand the parallel of her to a fallen leaf. To Williams, the young housewife is like a beautiful leaf that needs to stay connected to its life force in order to maintain its beauty and vitality and even continue to nourish the tree. Otherwise it will inevitably dry up, become colorless and eventually die. Her marriage has separated her from the world and from her life force and will eventually cause her to lose her beauty and pristine nature. It is only a matter of time, in fact, before she becomes one of the leaves that Williams drives over in his car. Works Cited: Williams, William Carlos. â€Å"The Young Housewife.† Anthology of Modern American Poetry. Ed. Cary Nelson. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Metternich’s Political Confession of Faith Essay

Prince Klemens von Metternich was the leading personality during the Congress of Vienna which sought to restore Europe back to the status quo, undoing the â€Å"disorder† caused by Napoleon. Besides being instrumental in â€Å"cleaning up Napoleon’s mess,† Metternich was a conservative at heart and saw the â€Å"damage† the French Revolution had brought to France and how Napoleon tried to import the legacy of the French Revolution, as well as the Enlightenment, to the rest of the lands in Europe he conquered and the subsequent effects thereafter. Metternich wrote â€Å"Political Confession of Faith† which he addressed to Russian Tsar Alexander I as a â€Å"secret† memorandum in 1820. This also came at a time when there were similar revolutions, led by liberals in parts of Spain, Italy and Germany. This document revealed Metternich’s sentiments about the emerging trend in Europe – the rise of liberalism. For Metternich, this was a trend that was a major area of concern not only for him but for the rest of Europe. He had singled out France for being the â€Å"cradle of the Enlightenment† when he said: â€Å"France had the misfortune to produce the greatest number of these men. It is in her midst that religion and all that she holds sacred, that morality and authority, and all connected with them, have been attacked with a steady and systematic animosity, and it is there that the weapon of ridicule has been used with the most ease and success. Drag through the mud the name of God and the powers instituted by His divine decrees, and the revolution will be prepared! Speak of a social contract, and the revolution is accomplished! † A staunch conservative monarchist, He saw what the French Revolution, whose leaders were imbued with Enlightenment ideas toppled the monarchy which they regarded as obsolete and irrelevant owing to its inability to care for its people, did to French society. For the French people, they no longer recognized the Divine Right of kings and instead saw it from a different prism – King Louis XVI did not live up to the â€Å"social contract† and in doing so, lost his legitimacy to rule and when Louis tried to stifle their rights, they took drastic action that led to his overthrow. What happened next was something that made Metternich concerned – the Reign of Terror which saw what Metternich noticed as a spree of persecution with reckless abandon of those said to be colluding with the old regime. Not only was Louis XVI and his wife Marie Antoinette, the daughter of Austrian Empress Maria Theresa, executed, but several others who had no connection with them, including members of the clergy were also persecuted or sent to the guillotine. He deplored Napoleon for making quite a mess of European society: â€Å"Nevertheless the revolutionary seed had penetrated into every country and spread more or less. It was greatly developed under the regime of the military despotism of Bonaparte. His conquests displaced a number of laws, institutions, and customs; broke through bonds sacred among all nations, strong enough to resist time itself; which is more than can be said of certain benefits conferred by these innovators. From these perturbations it followed that the revolutionary spirit could in Germany, Italy, and later on in Spain, easily hide itself under the veil of patriotism . † For Metternich, as shown in his secret memorandum to the Russian Tsar, liberalism was regarded as a menace to the status quo of Europe where most of the states were still monarchical. Whereas the relatively young republic of the United States of America would be all praises of liberalism, Metternich and his ilk were not. The French Revolution, particularly the Reign of Terror served as a wake-up call to the remaining monarchies to make them stand up and take notice on what could possibly happen if they would allow liberal ideas to germinate in their societies. He warned the other surviving monarchical governments to be on guard by saying, â€Å"The first principle to be followed by the monarchs, united as they are by the coincidence of their desires and opinions, should be that of maintaining the stability of political institutions against the disorganised excitement which has taken possession of men’s minds†¦ In short, let the great monarchs strengthen their union, and prove to the world that if it exists, it is beneficent, and ensures the political peace of Europe: that it is powerful only for the maintenance of tranquillity at a time when so many attacks are directed against it; that the principles which they profess are paterllal and protective, menacing only the disturbers of public tranquillity . † Metternich’s admonition paid off as it was evident during the revolutions of 1848 when liberal movements failed to gain a foothold or emulate the success of the French Revolution. The reason being was that these societies had no long history of empowering the people and only radical means was necessary to do it. The bottom line Metternich was pointing out was that liberalism could not be drastically erected and revolution was not always the answer to addressing the social and political problems. Furthermore, the Reign of Terror also saw how ugly liberalism would go when taken to the extreme in bringing even more instability in exchange for bringing too much freedom to the people. Bibliography Metternich, Klemens von. â€Å"Political Confession of Faith. † Fordham University Modern History Sourcebook. December 20, 1820. http://www. fordham. edu/haslall/mod/1820 metternich. html/

Asia Essay

1. Which internal and external factors have helped Reliance group to grow into its current position? Reliance group is an example of a well-managed company that has been able to take advantage of interior competitive advantage possibilities as well as exterior ones. On one hand, Reliance started out with Dhirubai Ambani by borrowing money from the Indian government, shifting towards textiles made out of synthetic plastic fibers and receiving benefits from government incentives and political connections at its origin and middle life cycle. Reliance responded perfectly to the world leading industries at the time and acted as a pioneer in introducing them in the Indian market. As the world’s leading industry shifted from a high demand for plastics and textiles derived from plastics to petrochemicals and fuel production, the Reliance group did likewise by building petrochemical plants in India and tried to make the maximum profit out of what India had to offer to the world and itself at the time and had not been developed to its maximum potential yet. On the other hand, government played a key role in Reliance success as it enabled the company to export worldwide and grow in domestically by reducing quotas and tariffs as well as taxes on the raw materials needed for manufacturing. 2. In which aspects has the management of Reliance group been typical for Indian management? In which aspects has it been atypical? Most of the aspects of the management of the Reliance group can be easily related to the way companies are managed in India. Reliance group is a family run company that depends gravely on the relationship between the siblings that own the company, all siblings had the father and founder as the center of the company and once he passed away the company was divided amongst the brothers and sisters. Another typical Indian attribute is the diversification of the operations of the company, Ranging from petrochemical to eatable products or telecommunications. Each brother took care of a different sector and the gender role with a tendency towards masculinity and seniority was also seen when the company was divided giving the oldest of the brothers 70% of the market share of the company, 20% to the younger brother and only 5% to each one of the sisters. What was very atypical was the monochromic way the company has been run, however it can easily be explained due to the fact that they need to replicate the way the international monochromic market works that emulates the way US firms work. 3. Do you think Reliance Group has to transform its fundamentally to remain successful in the future? Yes, I do believe that Reliance group should find of way of not having to depend on the fluctuations of the global market as much as it does, Thus preventing the company from ever being as impacted as it was by the recent global crisis. I believe they should expand domestically as a way of having a â€Å"safe space† in case there is another crisis in the future and perhaps try to grow deeper ties with other Asian countries like Japan or China that did not suffer from the crisis at the scale that western economies did and that are geographically closer from India than many other western countries.

Essay on The Civil RightsEssay Writing Service

Essay on The Civil RightsEssay Writing Service Essay on The Civil Rights Essay on The Civil RightsAlthough some people consider that the Voting Rights Act was a logical conclusion to the Civil Rights Movement, many people have different views on this issue. Actually, since the Civil Rights coalition seemed to fall apart after 1965, the true promise of the Civil Rights Act and thus the Civil Right Movement were somehow left unfulfilled. For many blacks the Voting Rights Act was crucial as this issue had been the key factor in the presidential election and affected their racial identity. Many blacks were registered as voters (Bolick 234).     In fact, the racial problems were rapidly diminished, but many other social challenges remained unsolved. The Civil Right Act of 1964prohibited racial discrimination practically at all levels of American society. According to researchers, the true legacy of this act was narrowed because the â€Å"civil rights reform that left the perpetual promise of the movement unfulfilled† (Waller 195). For example, the i mplemented approach to civil rights reforms in the United States highlighted in the Civil Rights Movement never challenged the established structure and functioning of the white power system. Due to the Civil Rights Act, black people had got access to public places, as well as obtained equal employment opportunities, comparing with whites’ rights and opportunities (Bond 15).   However, the radical civil rights reform was not supported by the Civil Rights movement. As a result, â€Å"the dominant and unassailable structure of exclusion remained in place even while giving the appearance of inclusion† (Waller 195). Undoubtedly, these facts influenced the shift in the protests of African-Americans â€Å"from civil rights to black power† (Cashman 206).   Since the 1960, various protest movement were launched because of anti-Vietnam war opposition, increased student activism and unfulfilled civil rights reforms. Thus, I believe that the Voting Rights Act was not a logical conclusion to the Civil Rights Movement.

Free Essays on Leighton - Voctiorian

Frederic, Lord Leighton was - and still is - an important and influential Victorian artist. During the Nineteenth century, Leighton reigned as one of the most fashionable and significant painters of his time. Indeed, he was so well regarded as a painter that he was made President of the Royal Academy in 1878. And the reason that Lord Leighton was so successful during his lifetime is simple - his paintings brilliantly captured the Victorian nostalgia and longing for the glorious "Golden Age" of ancient Greece and Rome. In classically inspired works such as Clytie, Idyll, and Greek Girls Picking up Pebbles by the Sea, Leighton depicted an idealized vision of the past that perfectly appealed to the sensibilities of the time. Combining a flawless painting technique with a keen sense for color and composition, the artist created some of the most beautiful - and memorable - images made during the Nineteenth century. See for yourself, and learn more about this remarkable painter by selecting one of the links to his works above.... Free Essays on Leighton - Voctiorian Free Essays on Leighton - Voctiorian Frederic, Lord Leighton was - and still is - an important and influential Victorian artist. During the Nineteenth century, Leighton reigned as one of the most fashionable and significant painters of his time. Indeed, he was so well regarded as a painter that he was made President of the Royal Academy in 1878. And the reason that Lord Leighton was so successful during his lifetime is simple - his paintings brilliantly captured the Victorian nostalgia and longing for the glorious "Golden Age" of ancient Greece and Rome. In classically inspired works such as Clytie, Idyll, and Greek Girls Picking up Pebbles by the Sea, Leighton depicted an idealized vision of the past that perfectly appealed to the sensibilities of the time. Combining a flawless painting technique with a keen sense for color and composition, the artist created some of the most beautiful - and memorable - images made during the Nineteenth century. See for yourself, and learn more about this remarkable painter by selecting one of the links to his works above....

The 15 writing habits of people who build amazing careers

The 15 writing habits of people who build amazing careers The 15 writing habits of people who build amazing careers One of the great pleasures of my job is that I frequently get a chance to talk to people who really are at the top of their game. Over the last 18 years, my colleagues and I have worked with over 40,000 people. And among them have been many industry leaders who have built seriously impressive careers and truly made a difference in their particular sector. These people are undeniably successful –Â  regardless of whether you define success in monetary terms, in what theyve been able to achieve, or both. Along the way, Ive noticed certain characteristics coming up again and again in the documents and emails that these super-successful people write – and in the approach they take to writing them. Clear patterns have emerged: ways of writing that so many successful people seem to share that I strongly suspect they are habits that underpin their success. Some of these patterns are in the way they write. Others are in what they write (and in how they develop that content). Together, these things propel them forwards, enabling them to make the kind of progress that others can only dream of – and often to earn many times more than those people. No single person exhibits all the traits, or even most of them. And these extraordinary individuals may not even be aware that the way they approach written communication is special or know why their approach works so much better than what other people do. But the fact that they do it that way has almost certainly been a major factor in their rise to the top. So here are those characteristics: 1. They write with confidence It takes courage to tell it like it is, but these people have it in spades. Theres a fine line between being arrogant and being confident, and these people are definitely the latter. They exude belief in their messages by never hiding behind flowery language or using 30 words when ten will do. 2. They nurture their ideas So much writing advice (and presentation training, for that matter) focuses on methodology. But even the most articulate wording will not disguise lazy thinking. Effective thinking needs to come first and it takes time. It cant be done between emails or checking Facebook. These people make and take that time, building and developing their ideas. As a result, what they write has real value. In the longer term, this builds their personal PR, and their organisations begin to recognise that value more and more. 3. They keep notes Neuroscientists have made many real breakthroughs in the last 20 years. One of these is the discovery that there are two distinct types of thinking: focused thought and free association (sometimes called mind wandering mode). Our brains cant do both at the same time, needing instead to switch between the two. (Brain researchers have even identified the neural switch that does this – the cingulate cortex.) The best ideas often spring from the second type of thinking, which typically happens when you are not sitting at your desk. In fact, it tends to happen when youre doing something completely unrelated to work – like shopping or loading the dishwasher. Successful people tend to capture ideas from these moments of mind wandering by noting them down on their smartphones or on a small pad, which they keep with them at all times for that purpose. 4. They are careful readers Successful people often seem to recognise that their attention and mental capacity are precious resources that they must spend wisely and renew regularly. As such, they use social media and other websites judiciously, reserving them for free thinking time rather than getting sucked down into all-day Facebook fests that drain them of energy and original thought. They also allow time to focus on one thing –Â  which benefits them not just because they can develop their ideas but because continually switching attention drains mental energy. 5. They look after their mind This habit often extends into other areas of their lives. For example, they make sure they get enough sleep and they eat sensibly: avoiding the highs and lows of sugar binges or overdosing on caffeine. Of course, they are human. But their secret is self-awareness. So, if the ideas arent there, they do something about it: whether thats going for a walk, stimulating their mind – with more reading or music, for example – or simply stopping and picking things up tomorrow. 6. They are conscious writers This one is critical. People who build extraordinary careers are expert influencers, so they are acutely aware of the effect both poor and good writing can have on others. They know that every document or email is an opportunity to influence many more people than they will ever meet, so they never squander that opportunity. That means they think before they write (unlike their less successful colleagues, who typically think while theyre writing –Â  or even afterwards, when it may well be too late). 7. They write to express, not impress The most successful writers never waste time or screen space posturing with verbose language. Theyd much rather engage directly with the brains of those they seek to influence in the most efficient way possible. 8. They know that its not all about me The first and main focus for them is their reader: who they are, what interests them, what they might be thinking and what they want them to think. That focus underpins their planning and stays with them throughout the writing process. (This is in contrast to less effective writers, whose focus tends to be on just getting the thing written and crossed off their list.) 9. They see the big picture This is another aspect that truly marks out highly successful people from the rest. Ive noticed that they develop a keen understanding of where their organisation is going and make sure they keep that at the front of their minds, rather than dwelling on the minutiae of the day-to-day. But that doesnt mean they ignore minor tasks or issues. They just see those as part of the bigger picture and keep that in mind when theyre writing. As a result, they often have a direct connection with the executives in the C-suite, who tend to be similarly focused. 10. They know when enough is enough The most successful people make their written communications only as long as they need to be: never longer. They also know that those communications usually need to be a lot shorter than many of their colleagues think they do. 11. They set clear objectives and they plan Uncommonly successful people know exactly what each report or proposal needs to achieve. Often, they write down those objectives; always, they base them on a knowledge of their readers. (See point 8.) This is part of an essential planning process. Many people start their documents by immediately firing up Word (or, if theyre a management consultant, more likely PowerPoint) and starting to type. But not these people. They know that planning is essential and they take time to work out a structure for their document before they even touch their keyboard. 12. They know how to build a persuasive argument By the time they start typing, they already have a clear idea of who their reader is, where they need them to go and –Â  crucially –Â  how theyre going to get them there. The most successful people know that persuasive writing is more of a science than an art. So they build their argument carefully first. As a result, their battle is half won even before they open up their laptop. 13. They are politically aware Awareness of organisational politics – and how to use that knowledge to your advantage –Â  is a sensitive issue. In an ideal world, everyone would work together selflessly and and logically for the greater good. But the real world is populated by humans, with all their foibles, ambitions and emotions. Successful people know that their documents will have to work with those too. So, regardless of what theyre writing, they take into account human psychology and how its played out in their particular workplace. 14. They dont rely on writing alone Its tempting to think that the written word is the only tool in your communication toolbox. The most successful people know that there are other tools too, and theyre careful to choose the right one for the job each time. So their documents often include captivating charts, diagrams or pictures. And these people know when to talk to someone instead of emailing them (sometimes as a way to ensure a document hits its mark). 15. They sweat the small stuff Ive deliberately left spelling, punctuation and grammar to the end of this list – even though those are the things that most people think of if you mention effective writing. Thats because a technically perfect document can still be devoid of original thought, totally disengaging and, therefore, potentially useless. However, it is still important to make sure that silly mistakes in accuracy dont undermine all your hard work. Successful people use spell-check and proofread their work. This list is still evolving and its not exhaustive. You may well have noticed other habits that make all the difference. Id love to hear what they are, so do let me know in the comments below. Image credit: mimagephotography / Shutterstock